Toward Energy Neutrality in Municipal Wastewater Treatment: A Systematic Analysis of Energy Flow Balance for Different Scenarios
نویسندگان
چکیده
To reduce operational costs and carbon footprints, it is highly desirable to achieve energy neutrality in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). We reviewed more than 100 nitrification/denitrification (N/DN)- anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX)-based systems. The consumption performance of N/DN systems ranged from 0.3 4 kWh/kg COD 5 15 N, while those ANAMMOX-based 1 0.5 1.5 N. According an balance analysis typical domestic (COD = 500 mg/L; TN 50 mg/L) treatment, the conventional process consumes average kWh/m3 (1.78 MJ/m3) amount recovered digestion incineration its sludge. However, if pretreated using a chemically enhanced primary or (AT), subsequent may realize WWTP autarky even electricity outputs ≤0.17 kWh/m3. In such nexus recovery, biogas generation AT sludge would be effective way recover dewatered digestates. combination early stage capture ANAMMOX promising approach achieving sustainable future WWTPs.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: ACS ES&T water
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2690-0637']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.0c00154